The Different Types of Insomnia and How to Treat Them
Insomnia is a common sleep disorder in which a person has difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or getting good quality sleep. It can lead to day-time fatigue, poor concentration, and a lack of energy. In general, it may be signified as difficulty falling asleep, waking up multiple times throughout the night, waking up too early, or overall poor sleep quality. Insomnia has various causes including medical, psychological, and environmental.
Insomnia can be categorized into 3 primary types. These types of insomnia include transient insomnia, acute insomnia, and chronic insomnia. Transient insomnia usually occurs due to a change in the sleep-wake cycle and is usually short-term. Acute insomnia is a temporary sleep disturbance usually due to stress. Chronic insomnia occurs when a person experiences insomnia on a regular basis for weeks or months.
It is important to diagnose and treat insomnia as it can lead to further health complications. Treatments consist of lifestyle changes, medication, and therapy.
Lifestyle Changes for Treating Insomnia
Lifestyle changes may include avoiding caffeine too close to bedtime, establishing a regular sleep schedule, avoiding exposure to bright lights before bedtime, and creating a calming sleep environment. Exercise, such as yoga or walking, can be helpful in managing stress levels and improving sleep. Avoid activities such as reading or watching TV can also prove helpful.
If possible, it is best to avoid naps as this can interfere with nighttime sleep patterns. Instead, focus on relaxation techniques including listening to calming music, breathing exercises, and stretching.
Medication For Treating Insomnia
Prescription medication may be a helpful treatment for insomnia. Stimulant medications can help increase alertness and focus during the day. Non-stimulant medications act as sleep aids. Commonly prescribed medications are Benzodiazepines and Non-benzodiazepines. It is important to speak to your healthcare provider about the side effects and risks of these medications.
Over the counter medications such as herbal supplements, melatonin, and valerian root can also be used for treating temporary insomnia. It is important to talk to a healthcare provider before using any over-the-counter medication, as they may have interactions with other medications you are taking.
Excessive use of sleeping pills can lead to dependence and addiction. It is important to speak to a medical professional if you are considering taking medication for insomnia, as misuse of sleeping pills can lead to health complications.
Therapy for Treating Insomnia
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a mental health treatment for insomnia. It focuses on changing the thoughts and behaviors associated with sleeplessness. During CBT, a patient is taught how to develop healthy sleep habits, manage stress, and determine any underlying sleep disturbances. CBT has been found to be one of the most effective treatments for long-term insomnia.
Other Treatments for Insomnia
- Exposure therapy
- Relaxation techniques
- Sleep hygiene
- Light therapy
- Tai Chi
Conclusion
Insomnia is a common sleep disorder in which a person has difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or getting good quality sleep. Treatments for insomnia include lifestyle changes, medications, and therapies such as CBT and exposure therapy. It is important to speak to a healthcare professional to determine the most appropriate treatment.